Which of the following compounds undergoes sulfonation most easily?

In the extraction of aluminium:
Process $X$: applied for red bauxite to remove iron oxide (chief impurity).
Process $Y$: (Serpeck's process) applied for white bauxite to remove $Z$ (chief impurity). Then,process $X$ and impurity $Z$ are:

The sum total of all the chemical reactions occurring in our body is known as

$X-$ It is very important for the process of evolution.
$Y-$ Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between two homologous chromosomes.

Calculate the current (in $mA$) required to deposit $0.195 \ g$ of platinum metal in $5.0 \ hours$ from a solution of $[PtCl_6]^{2-}$ : (atomic weight: $Pt = 195$)

Pili or fimbriae are associated with which process?