Which of the following ecosystems has the hig | vedclass

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(D) Productivity is defined as the rate of biomass production per unit area over a period of time. Among the given options, $Tree$ $ecosystem$ (specif

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Tree ecosystem

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(D) Productivity is defined as the rate of biomass production per unit area over a period of time. Among the given options, $Tree$ $ecosystem$ (specifically a forest ecosystem) generally exhibits the highest primary productivity per unit area compared to grasslands, marine ecosystems, or pond ecosystems. This is due to the high density of photosynthetic biomass and the complex vertical structure of forest ecosystems, which allow for efficient light capture and carbon fixation.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(a)$ $\text{NPP}$ of ocean	$(i)$ $115$ billion tons
$(b)$ Annual $\text{NPP}$ of the whole biosphere	$(ii)$ $170$ billion tons
$(c)$ $\text{NPP}$ of terrestrial ecosystem	$(iii)$ $55$ billion tons
$(d)$ Secondary productivity	$(iv)$ Heterotrophs

Which of the following ecosystems has the highest productivity per unit area?

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