Which of the following factors cannot be regarded as belonging to a non-living environment?

Choose the correct sentence.

In the oceans,the environment is perpetually dark at depths of:

The light intensity can be measured by

Organisms that can tolerate and thrive in a wide range of temperatures are $P$,while those restricted to a narrow range of temperatures are $Q$. Choose the correct option for $P$ and $Q$.
$P \quad\quad Q$

Plants adapted to grow in shade are