Which of the following statements is correct regarding the history of life on Earth?

Which one of the following options gives one correct example each of convergent evolution and divergent evolution?

The greatest evolutionary change enabling land vertebrates to be completely free from the water habitat was the development of:

The process by which organisms with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge,is called

Choose the correct statement from the following:
$A$. Charles Darwin travelled around the world in a ship called $HMS$ Beagle
$B$. There has been gradual evolution of life forms
$C$. According to Darwin,fitness refers to physical fitness only
$D$. Fossils are remains of hard parts of life forms found in rocks
$E$. Hugo De Vries,a naturalist worked in Malay Archipelago.

Select the correct option for the wings of a butterfly and the wings of a bird.