Which of the following phenomena does not play a significant role in the maintenance of homeostasis in an ecosystem?

Read the given statements and identify the correct and incorrect ones.
$(1)$ The exponential growth curve can be calculated using the formula $N_t = N_0 e^{rt}$.
$(2)$ Bamboo and salmon fish show the production of offspring only once during their entire lifespan.
$(3)$ In the amensalism type of interaction,one species is harmed and the other species receives no benefit or harm.
$(4)$ $A$ competitively superior species eliminates the inferior species in a habitat.

Match List-$I$ with List-$II$.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$(a)$ Allen's Rule	$(i)$ Kangaroo rat
$(b)$ Physiological adaptation	$(ii)$ Desert lizard
$(c)$ Behavioural adaptation	$(iii)$ Marine fish at depth
$(d)$ Biochemical adaptation	$(iv)$ Polar seal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Match the following and select the correct option.

$A.$ Earthworm	$(i)$ Pioneer species
$B.$ Succession	$(ii)$ Detritivore
$C.$ Ecosystem service	$(iii)$ Natality
$D.$ Population growth	$(iv)$ Pollination

Comment on the following figures: $I, II$ and $III$. Here,$A, B, C, D, G, P, Q, R, S$ represent different species.

$A$: Population ecology is a link between ecology,population genetics,and evolution.
$R$: Natural selection operates at the population level to evolve desired traits.