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(B) In an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction,the reaction proceeds through the formation of a carbocation intermediate,also known as the are

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Species $(III)$

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(B) In an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction,the reaction proceeds through the formation of a carbocation intermediate,also known as the arenium ion or sigma complex.This intermediate is represented by species $(III)$ in the given reaction mechanism.The formation of this intermediate involves the loss of aromaticity of the benzene ring,which makes it highly unstable and high in energy compared to the reactants and the final product.Therefore,the arenium ion (species $(III)$) has the maximum enthalpy (potential energy) among the species shown in the reaction coordinate diagram.

Which of the following species is expected to have maximum enthalpy in an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction?

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