Which of the following statements is INCORREC | vedclass

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(D) $1$. The catenation tendency of phosphorus $(P)$ is greater than that of nitrogen $(N)$ because $P-P$ single bonds are stronger than $N-N$ single

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By boiling the water,permanent hardness is removed.

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(D) $1$. The catenation tendency of phosphorus $(P)$ is greater than that of nitrogen $(N)$ because $P-P$ single bonds are stronger than $N-N$ single bonds due to the absence of lone pair-lone pair repulsion in $P-P$ bonds.$2$. $PCl_3$ is indeed produced by the reaction of white phosphorus $(P_4)$ with thionyl chloride $(SOCl_2)$: $P_4 + 8SOCl_2 \rightarrow 4PCl_3 + 4SO_2 + 2S_2Cl_2$.$3$. According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory,water can act as both a proton donor $(H_2O \rightarrow H^+ + OH^-)$ and a proton acceptor $(H_2O + H^+ \rightarrow H_3O^+)$,making it amphoteric.$4$. Permanent hardness of water is caused by the presence of dissolved chlorides and sulfates of calcium and magnesium. Boiling only removes temporary hardness (caused by bicarbonates). Therefore,the statement that permanent hardness is removed by boiling is incorrect.

Which of the following statements is $INCORRECT$?

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