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(A) Rutherford's model of the atom proposed that the positive charge and most of the mass of the atom were densely concentrated in a very small region

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$(i)$ and $(iii)$

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(A) Rutherford's model of the atom proposed that the positive charge and most of the mass of the atom were densely concentrated in a very small region called the nucleus,which is positively charged $(i)$.He compared the model to the solar system,where the nucleus acts like the Sun and electrons act like planets revolving around it $(iii)$.While $\alpha$-particles are indeed four times as heavy as a hydrogen atom,this was a property of the particles used in the experiment,not a specific postulate of the model itself $(ii)$.Rutherford's model contradicted Thomson's model because Thomson's model suggested a uniform distribution of positive charge,whereas Rutherford's model proved it was concentrated in the center $(iv)$.

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