(C) Elephantiasis, also known as filariasis, is a chronic condition caused by filarial worms such as $Wuchereria \text{ } bancrofti$ and $Wuchereria \

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(C) Elephantiasis, also known as filariasis, is a chronic condition caused by filarial worms such as $Wuchereria \text{ } bancrofti$ and $Wuchereria \text{ } malayi$. These worms infect the lymphatic vessels, leading to severe swelling in the lower limbs and other body parts. Therefore, the correct answer is $C$.