Write the chemical equation of the reaction with an example in which a change in colour takes place.

Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:
$(a)$ Sodium carbonate on reaction with hydrochloric acid in equal molar concentrations gives sodium chloride and sodium hydrogencarbonate.
$(b)$ Sodium hydrogencarbonate on reaction with hydrochloric acid gives sodium chloride,water,and liberates carbon dioxide.
$(c)$ Copper sulphate on treatment with potassium iodide precipitates cuprous iodide $(Cu_2I_2)$,liberates iodine gas,and also forms potassium sulphate.

When potassium iodide solution is added to a solution of lead $(II)$ nitrate in a test tube,a precipitate is formed.
$(i)$ What is the colour of this precipitate?
$(ii)$ Name the compound precipitated.

What happens when a piece of $(i)$ Silver metal is added to copper sulphate solution? Also,write the balanced chemical equation if the reaction occurs.

Identify the reducing agent in the following reactions:
$(a)$ $4 NH_{3} + 5 O_{2} \longrightarrow 4 NO + 6 H_{2}O$
$(b)$ $H_{2}O + F_{2} \longrightarrow HF + HOF$
$(c)$ $Fe_{2}O_{3} + 3 CO \longrightarrow 2 Fe + 3 CO_{2}$
$(d)$ $2 H_{2} + O_{2} \longrightarrow 2 H_{2}O$

Observe the following diagram and answer the questions that follow:
$(i)$ Identify the gases evolved at anode and cathode.
$(ii)$ Why are the amounts of gases collected in the two test tubes not of the same volume?
$(iii)$ What type of reaction is this?
$(iv)$ Why should we use salt water?