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(B) The amount of $ATP$ produced depends on the energy content of the respiratory substrate. Glucose $(C_6H_{12}O_6)$ is a standard carbohydrate that

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Glucose

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(B) The amount of $ATP$ produced depends on the energy content of the respiratory substrate. Glucose $(C_6H_{12}O_6)$ is a standard carbohydrate that yields approximately $36$ to $38$ $ATP$ molecules per molecule through aerobic respiration. However,fatty acids (lipids) and certain amino acids have a higher energy density per gram compared to carbohydrates. Among the given options,glucose is the primary respiratory substrate. However,if we consider the energy yield per gram,lipids provide more energy than glucose. Since the question asks for the substrate yielding the maximum $ATP$ and glucose is the standard reference,but glycogen is a polymer of glucose that can be broken down into glucose units,the question implies a comparison of energy substrates. Actually,$1$ gram of fat yields $9.4$ $kcal$ while $1$ gram of carbohydrate yields $4.1$ $kcal$. Given the options,glucose is the most efficient direct substrate for cellular respiration.

Which respiratory substrate yields the maximum number of $ATP$ molecules?

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