Name the instrument used to measure the coefficient of restitution of a material and explain why frictional force is a non-conservative force.

$A$ target is made of two plates,one of wood and the other of iron. The thickness of the wooden plate is $4\,cm$ and that of the iron plate is $2\,cm$. $A$ bullet fired goes through the wood first and then penetrates $1\,cm$ into the iron. $A$ similar bullet fired with the same velocity from the opposite direction goes through the iron first and then penetrates $2\,cm$ into the wood. If $a_1$ and $a_2$ are the retardations offered to the bullet by the wood and iron plates respectively,then:

On complete combustion,a litre of petrol releases heat equivalent to $3 \times 10^7 \, J$. In a test drive,a car weighing $1200 \, kg$ (including the driver) travels $15 \, km$ per litre while moving at a uniform speed on a straight track. Assuming that the friction offered by the road surface and air is uniform,calculate the force of friction acting on the car during the test drive,given that the efficiency of the car engine is $0.5$. (in $, N$)

$300 \, J$ of work is done in sliding up a $2 \, kg$ block on an inclined plane to a height of $10 \, m$. Taking the value of acceleration due to gravity $g$ to be $10 \, m/s^2$,the work done against friction is ........ $J$.

In the diagram shown,there is no friction at any contact surface. Initially,the spring has no deformation. What will be the maximum deformation in the spring? Consider all the strings to be sufficiently large. Consider the spring constant to be $K$.

$A$ bob $B$ of mass $m$ at rest is hanging vertically from the ceiling via a massless string of length $10 \text{ m}$. $A$ point mass $A$ of mass $m$ travelling horizontally with speed $10 \text{ ms}^{-1}$ hits bob $B$ elastically. The bob $B$ rises $h$ meters after the collision. Taking the acceleration due to gravity $g = 10 \text{ ms}^{-2}$ and neglecting the size of the bob, the value of $h$ is: