$A$ radiation of energy $E$ falls normally on a perfectly reflecting surface. The momentum transferred to the surface is ($c$ is velocity of light).

The force on a hemisphere of radius $1\, cm$ if a parallel beam of monochromatic light of wavelength $500\, nm$ falls on it with an intensity of $0.5\, W/cm^2$,striking the curved surface in a direction which is perpendicular to the flat face of the hemisphere is (assume the collisions to be perfectly inelastic).

$50\, W/m^2$ energy density of sunlight is normally incident on the surface of a solar panel. Some part of incident energy $(25\%)$ is reflected from the surface and the rest is absorbed. The force exerted on $1\, m^2$ surface area will be close to $(c = 3 \times 10^8\, m/s)$.

What is radiation pressure?

$A$ lamp delivers a luminous flux of $100 \,W$ to an absorber of area $1 \,cm^2$. The force due to radiation pressure is

An astronaut floating freely in space decides to use his flashlight as a rocket. He shines a $10$ $W$ light beam in a fixed direction so that he acquires momentum in the opposite direction. If his mass is $80$ kg,how long must he shine the light to reach a velocity of $1$ $m/s$?