In which of the following does aluminum become passive?

If $\vec{a} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} - \hat{k}$ and $\vec{b} = \lambda \hat{i} - 3\hat{j} + \hat{k}$ and the orthogonal projection of $\vec{b}$ on $\vec{a}$ is $\frac{4}{3}(\hat{i} - \hat{j} - \hat{k})$,then $\lambda$ is equal to

If $x > 0$ and $x^y = e^{x-y}$,then $\frac{dy}{dx}$ is equal to

Two point charges $+8q$ and $-2q$ are located at $x = 0$ and $x = L$ respectively. The location of a point on the $x$-axis at which the net electric field due to these two point charges is zero is

The Gibbs energy for the decomposition of $Al_2O_3$ at $500^o C$ is as follows :
$\frac{2}{3} Al_2O_3 \rightarrow \frac{4}{3} Al + O_2, \Delta G = +966 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$
The potential difference needed for electrolytic reduction of $Al_2O_3$ at $500^o C$ is at least ...... $V$.

Two wires $A$ and $B$ are of lengths $40 \ cm$ and $30 \ cm$. $A$ is bent into a circle of radius $r$ and $B$ into an arc of radius $r$. $A$ current $i_1$ is passed through $A$ and $i_2$ through $B$. To have the same magnetic inductions at the centre,the ratio of $i_1: i_2$ is