$1 \ cc$ of water at its boiling point $(100^{\circ} \ C)$ is converted into steam by supplying $540 \ \text{calories}$ of heat. The volume of steam is $1671 \ cc$. If atmospheric pressure is $1.013 \times 10^5 \ \text{Nm}^{-2}$ and $J = 4.18 \ \text{joule/cal}$, the approximate value of heat required to overcome the molecular attraction is ........ $\text{cal}$.

If the amount of heat given to a system is $35 \ J$ and the amount of work done by the system is $-15 \ J$,then the change in the internal energy of the system is .... $J$.

Calculate the change in internal energy when $1 \,g$ of water is converted into steam at atmospheric pressure $(1.013 \times 10^{5} \,Pa)$. Given the latent heat of vaporisation is $2256 \,J/g$, the volume of $1 \,g$ of water is $1 \,cm^{3}$, and the volume of $1 \,g$ of steam is $1671 \,cm^{3}$.

In a thermodynamic process,the pressure of a fixed mass of a gas is changed in such a manner that the gas releases $20 \, J$ of heat when $8 \, J$ of work is done on the gas. If the initial internal energy of the gas was $30 \, J$,then the final internal energy will be .... $J$.

Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$.
Assertion $A$ : If $dQ$ and $dW$ represent the heat supplied to the system and the work done on the system respectively,then according to the first law of thermodynamics $dQ = dU - dW$.
Reason $R$ : The first law of thermodynamics is based on the law of conservation of energy.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The volume of a gas at a constant pressure of $50\,N/m^2$ changes from $10\,m^3$ to $4\,m^3$. If $100\,J$ of heat is supplied to the gas,the increase in internal energy is ....... $J$.