$A$ charged cork of mass $m$ suspended by a light string is placed in a uniform electric field of strength $E = (\hat{i} + \hat{j}) \times 10^5 \ NC^{-1}$ as shown in the figure. If in the equilibrium position,the tension in the string is $\frac{2mg}{(1 + \sqrt{3})}$,then the angle $\alpha$ with the vertical is:

  • A
    $60^o$
  • B
    $30^o$
  • C
    $45^o$
  • D
    $A$ and $B$ both

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Two identical charges $Q$ are separated by a distance $r$. $A$ third charge $q$ is placed at the midpoint of the line joining the two charges such that all three charges are in equilibrium. In this state,$q = $ . . . . . . .

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Answer the following:
$(a)$ The top of the atmosphere is at about $400 \; kV$ with respect to the surface of the earth,corresponding to an electric field that decreases with altitude. Near the surface of the earth,the field is about $100 \; Vm^{-1}$. Why then do we not get an electric shock as we step out of our house into the open? (Assume the house to be a steel cage so there is no field inside!)
$(b)$ $A$ man fixes outside his house one evening a two-metre-high insulating slab carrying on its top a large aluminium sheet of area $1 \; m^2$. Will he get an electric shock if he touches the metal sheet next morning?
$(c)$ The discharging current in the atmosphere due to the small conductivity of air is known to be $1800 \; A$ on an average over the globe. Why then does the atmosphere not discharge itself completely in due course and become electrically neutral? In other words,what keeps the atmosphere charged?
$(d)$ What are the forms of energy into which the electrical energy of the atmosphere is dissipated during lightning?

$A$ charge $Q$ is fixed at a distance $d$ in front of an infinite metal plate. The lines of force are represented by

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