$A$ fish and a bird are moving as shown in the figure. Find the velocity of the bird as observed by the fish.

$A$ coin is placed at the bottom of an empty beaker and is focused by a microscope. When water is poured into the beaker to a height of $10 \, cm$,how much must the microscope be moved to focus it again?

Three immiscible transparent liquids with refractive indices $3/2, 4/3$ and $6/5$ are arranged one above the other in a container. The depths of the liquids are $3 \text{ cm}, 4 \text{ cm}$ and $6 \text{ cm}$ respectively. The apparent depth of the vessel is (in $\text{ cm}$)

The bottom of a container is a glass slab of thickness $4 \ cm$ and refractive index $\mu = 1.5$. The container contains two immiscible liquids $A$ and $B$ of depths $6 \ cm$ and $8 \ cm$ respectively. When a crack at the bottom surface of the glass slab is viewed from above,by what distance (in $cm$) does it appear to be shifted? The refractive indices of $A$ and $B$ are $1.4$ and $1.3$ respectively.

Two transparent slabs have the same thickness $t$. One is made of material $X$ of refractive index $1.5$. The other is made of two materials $Y$ and $Z$ having thicknesses in the ratio $1 : 2$. The refractive index of $Z$ is $1.6$. If a monochromatic parallel beam passing through the slabs has the same number of wavelengths inside both,the refractive index of $Y$ is

Obtain the relation between the real depth and apparent depth of the bottom of a tank filled with water when observed from air.