$A$ polaroid is placed at $45^{\circ}$ to an incoming light of intensity $I_0$. Now,the intensity of light passing through the polaroid after polarization would be:

Let the vectors $\overline{a}, \overline{b}, \overline{c}$ be such that $|\overline{a}|=2, |\overline{b}|=4$ and $|\overline{c}|=4$. If the projection of $\overline{b}$ on $\overline{a}$ is equal to the projection of $\overline{c}$ on $\overline{a}$ and $\overline{b}$ is perpendicular to $\overline{c}$,then the value of $|\overline{a}+\overline{b}-\overline{c}|$ is

$A$ transformer works on the principle of

Which of the following reactions is $NOT$ associated with the Solvay process for the manufacture of sodium carbonate?

The shortest distance between the lines $\frac{x - 3}{3} = \frac{y - 8}{-1} = \frac{z - 3}{1}$ and $\frac{x + 3}{-3} = \frac{y + 7}{2} = \frac{z - 6}{4}$ is:

What are organisms that obtain energy from reduced inorganic compounds called?