Determine the decreasing order of the acidic | vedclass

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(B) The acidity of a compound depends on the stability of its conjugate base. Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ increase acidity by stabilizing the

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$Q > R > P > S$

Vedclass · Answer

(B) The acidity of a compound depends on the stability of its conjugate base. Electron-withdrawing groups $(EWG)$ increase acidity by stabilizing the negative charge,while electron-donating groups $(EDG)$ decrease acidity by destabilizing it.$Q$ is $p$-hydroxybenzoic acid. The $-COOH$ group is a strong $EWG$,making it the most acidic.$R$ is $p$-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The $-CHO$ group is an $EWG$,but less acidic than the carboxylic acid group.$P$ is hydroquinone ($p$-dihydroxybenzene). The $-OH$ group at the para position acts as an $EDG$ via resonance,but it is less donating than the alkyl group.$S$ is $p$-cresol ($p$-methylphenol). The $-CH_3$ group is an $EDG$ via hyperconjugation and inductive effect,making it the least acidic.Therefore,the decreasing order of acidity is $Q > R > P > S$.

Determine the decreasing order of the acidic nature of the given compounds $P$,$Q$,$R$,and $S$.

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