Four point charges,each of $+q$,are rigidly fixed at the four corners of a square planar soap film of side $a$. The surface tension of the soap film is $\gamma$. The system of charges and the planar film are in equilibrium,and $a = k \left[ \frac{q^2}{\gamma} \right]^{1/N}$,where $k$ is a constant. Then $N$ is:

Two equal negative charges are fixed at the points $(0, a)$ and $(0, -a)$ on the $y$-axis. $A$ positive charge $Q$ is released from rest at the point $(2a, 0)$ on the $x$-axis. The charge $Q$ will

Two identical balls having like charges $Q_1$ and $Q_2$ are placed at a certain distance $r$ apart and repel each other with a force $F_1$. They are brought into contact and then moved apart to a distance equal to half their initial separation $(r/2)$. The force of repulsion between them increases $4.5$ times in comparison with the initial value. The ratio of the initial charges of the balls is

An oil drop carries six electronic charges,has a mass of $1.6 \times 10^{-12} \text{ g}$ and falls with a terminal velocity in air. The magnitude of the vertical electric field required to make the drop move upward with the same speed as it was formerly moving is ........$kN/C$.

An empty thick conducting shell of inner radius $a$ and outer radius $b$ is shown in the figure. If it is observed that the inner face of the shell carries a uniform charge density $-\sigma$ and the outer surface carries a uniform charge density $+\sigma$, if the inner surface of the shell is earthed, then identify the correct statement(s).

$A$ Van de Graaff generator produces: