How would you explain the fact that the first ionization enthalpy of sodium is lower than that of magnesium but its second ionization enthalpy is higher than that of magnesium?

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(N/A) The first ionization enthalpy of $Na$ is lower than that of $Mg$ due to two main reasons:
$1.$ The atomic size of $Na$ $([Ne] 3s^1)$ is larger than that of $Mg$ $([Ne] 3s^2)$.
$2.$ The effective nuclear charge of $Mg$ is higher than that of $Na$.
Consequently,the energy required to remove the first electron from $Mg$ is higher than that for $Na$.
However,the second ionization enthalpy of $Na$ is higher than that of $Mg$. After the loss of the first electron,$Na^+$ attains the stable noble gas configuration $(1s^2 2s^2 2p^6)$. Removing a second electron from this stable configuration requires a very high amount of energy.
In contrast,$Mg^+$ $([Ne] 3s^1)$ still has one electron in the $3s$-orbital. Removing this electron is relatively easier compared to removing an electron from the stable noble gas core of $Na^+$. Therefore,the second ionization enthalpy of $Na$ is significantly higher than that of $Mg$.

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