If the decay or disintegration constant of a radioactive substance is $\lambda$,then its half-life and mean life are respectively:

The half-life of a stream of radioactive particles moving along a straight path with a constant kinetic energy of $4 \text{ eV}$ is $1 \text{ minute}$. The percentage of particles which decay before travelling a distance of $3.6 \text{ km}$ is (Mass of the radioactive particles $= 3.2 \times 10^{-21} \text{ kg}$ and charge of the electron $= 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ C}$).

The number of atoms of a radioactive substance of half-life $T$ is $N_{0}$ at $t=0$. The time necessary to decay from $N_{0} / 2$ atoms to $N_{0} / 10$ atoms will be

The age of a tree is determined using the radio-isotope of:

$A$ radioactive nucleus $A$ with a half-life $T$ decays into a nucleus $B$. At $t = 0$,there is no nucleus $B$. At some time $t$,the ratio of the number of $B$ to that of $A$ is $0.3$. Then,$t$ is given by

The rate of disintegration of a fixed quantity of a radioactive element can be increased by