If the earth suddenly contracts to $(1/3)^{rd}$ of its present size without any change in its mass, the ratio of the kinetic energy of the earth after and before contraction will be (Earth is assumed to be a rotating sphere about itself).

$ABC$ is an equilateral triangle with $O$ as its centre. $\vec F_1, \vec F_2$ and $\vec F_3$ represent three forces acting along the sides $AB, BC$ and $AC$ respectively. If the total torque about $O$ is zero,then the magnitude of $\vec F_3$ is

Consider regular polygons with number of sides $n=3, 4, 5, \ldots$ as shown in the figure. The center of mass of all the polygons is at height $h$ from the ground. They roll on a horizontal surface about the leading vertex without slipping and sliding as depicted. The maximum increase in height of the locus of the center of mass for each polygon is $\Delta$. Then $\Delta$ depends on $n$ and $h$ as

Fill in the blanks:
$(1)$ If the velocity of the center of mass of a body is $v_{cm} = 0$ and the angular velocity is $\omega = 0$,the body is said to be in ............. equilibrium.
$(2)$ Angular momentum is generated in a body when a ............. acts on it.
$(3)$ If a barrel is filled half with water,its center of gravity will move ............. .
$(4)$ The point at which the entire mass of a body is assumed to be concentrated is called the ............. .

$A$ uniform circular disc of radius $R$, lying on a frictionless horizontal plane, is rotating with an angular velocity $\omega$ about its own axis. Another identical circular disc is gently placed on top of the first disc coaxially. The loss in rotational kinetic energy due to friction between the two discs, as they acquire a common angular velocity, is ($I$ is the moment of inertia of the disc).

$A$ thin uniform rod of length $l$ and mass $m$ is swinging freely about a horizontal axis passing through its end. Its maximum angular speed is $\omega$. Its centre of mass rises to a maximum height of: