If the temperature of a wire of length $2 \,m$ and area of cross-section $1 \,cm^2$ is increased from $0^{\circ}C$ to $80^{\circ}C$ and is not allowed to increase in length,then the force required for it is ............$N$ $\{Y=10^{10} \,N/m^2, \alpha=10^{-6}/^{\circ}C\}$

The adjacent graph shows the extension $(\Delta l)$ of a wire of length $1\, m$ suspended from the top of a roof at one end and with a load $W$ connected to the other end. If the cross-sectional area of the wire is $10^{-6}\, m^2$,calculate the Young's modulus of the material of the wire.

$A$ rigid bar of mass $15 \, kg$ is supported symmetrically by three wires,each $2 \, m$ long. The wires at each end are made of copper,and the middle one is made of steel. The Young's modulus of elasticity for copper and steel are $110 \times 10^9 \, N/m^2$ and $190 \times 10^9 \, N/m^2$ respectively. If each wire is to have the same tension,the ratio of their diameters (diameter of copper wire to diameter of steel wire) will be ............

$A$ rod $BC$ of negligible mass is fixed at end $B$ and connected to a spring at its natural length having spring constant $K = 10^4 \ N/m$ at end $C$,as shown in the figure. For the rod $BC$,length $L = 4 \ m$,area of cross-section $A = 4 \times 10^{-4} \ m^2$,Young's modulus $Y = 10^{11} \ N/m^2$ and coefficient of linear expansion $\alpha = 2.2 \times 10^{-4} \ K^{-1}$. If the rod $BC$ is cooled from temperature $100^oC$ to $0^oC$,then find the decrease in length of the rod in centimeters (closest to the integer).

Two rods of different materials having coefficients of linear expansion $\alpha_1, \alpha_2$ and Young's moduli $Y_1$ and $Y_2$ respectively are fixed between two rigid massive walls. The rods are heated such that they undergo the same increase in temperature. There is no bending of rods. If $\alpha_1 : \alpha_2 = 2 : 3$,and the thermal stresses developed in the two rods are equal,then the ratio $Y_1 : Y_2$ is equal to:

When a force of $4 \, N$ is applied to a wire,its length is $a \, m$. When a force of $5 \, N$ is applied,its length is $b \, m$. What will be its length when a force of $9 \, N$ is applied?