Regional diversity is also called

Study the following statements and select the correct option given below:
Statement-$I$: Biodiversity is the variety of features of life observed in the living organisms at different levels within a defined area.
Statement-$II$: Living organisms' attempt to accommodate with different environmental conditions forms the basis of diversity.

The term 'biodiversity' was popularized by which of the following scientists?

Which biome is the richest in terms of animal and plant groups?

Initially $A$ biodiversity hot spots were identified but subsequently nine more have been added to the list,bringing the total number of biodiversity hot spots in the world to $B$. These hot spots are the regions of accelerated habitat loss. Three of these hot spots—Western Ghats and Sri Lanka,Indo-Burma,and Himalaya—cover our country's exceptionally high biodiversity regions. Although all the biodiversity hot spots put together cover less than $C$ $\%$ of the earth's land area,the number of species they collectively harbour is extremely high,and the strict protection of these hot spots could reduce the ongoing mass extinctions by almost $D$ $\%$. $A, B, C$ and $D$ in the paragraph refer to:

Which of the following is known as the 'Lungs of the Planet'?