Saponification of ethyl benzoate with caustic soda as alkali gives:

What is the order of reactivity of the following compounds towards sodalime decarboxylation?
$(i)$ $m$-nitro-phenylacetic acid
(ii) $p$-nitro-phenylacetic acid
(iii) $p$-methoxy-phenylacetic acid
(iv) $p$-methyl-phenylacetic acid

The compound, which evolves carbon dioxide on treatment with an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate at $25^{\circ} C$, is

Toluene on reaction with the reagent $X$ gives $Y$,which dissolves in $NaHCO_3$ and when reacted with $Br_2 / Fe$ gives $Z$. What are $X$ and $Z$?

Concentrated nitric acid oxidises cane sugar to

An organic compound is boiled with alcoholic potash. The product is cooled and acidified with $HCl$,resulting in the precipitation of a white solid. What could be the starting compound?