Select the correct statement.

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Question

(B) Homologous organs are those that have the same basic structural design and developmental origin but perform different functions. Analogous organs

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are analogous.

Vedclass · Answer

(B) Homologous organs are those that have the same basic structural design and developmental origin but perform different functions. Analogous organs are those that have different developmental origins and structural designs but perform similar functions. $1$. The tendril of a pea plant is a modified leaf,while the phylloclade of Opuntia is a modified stem. They perform different functions (support vs. photosynthesis/water storage) and have different origins,so they are not homologous. $2$. Wings of birds and wings of bats are analogous because they perform the same function (flight) but have different evolutionary origins (the wing structure of a bird is different from that of a bat). $3$. Wings of birds and limbs of lizards are homologous because they share a common ancestral skeletal structure (pentadactyl limb),despite performing different functions. Therefore,the statement that tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are analogous is incorrect,and the statement about wings of birds and wings of bat being homologous is also incorrect. The correct statement is that wings of birds and limbs of lizards are homologous (though not listed as an option here,based on standard biology,the provided options contain a common confusion). Re-evaluating: In many textbooks,wings of birds and wings of bats are considered analogous. Thus,option $B$ is often cited in contexts where these structures are compared as having different origins.

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