Solar constant (S) depends upon the temperatu | vedclass

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(D) According to the Stefan-Boltzmann law,the total power radiated by the Sun is given by $P = (4 \pi R^2) \sigma T^4$,where $R$ is the radius of the

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$S \propto T^4$

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(D) According to the Stefan-Boltzmann law,the total power radiated by the Sun is given by $P = (4 \pi R^2) \sigma T^4$,where $R$ is the radius of the Sun,$\sigma$ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant,and $T$ is the surface temperature of the Sun.The solar constant $(S)$ is defined as the energy received per unit area per unit time on a surface perpendicular to the Sun's rays at the Earth's distance $(d)$.Thus,$S = \frac{P}{4 \pi d^2} = \frac{4 \pi R^2 \sigma T^4}{4 \pi d^2} = \sigma T^4 \left( \frac{R}{d} \right)^2$.Since $R$ and $d$ are constants for the Earth-Sun system,we have $S \propto T^4$.Therefore,the correct option is $(d)$.

Solar constant $(S)$ depends upon the temperature of the Sun $(T)$ as ........

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