The alternating e.m.f. induced in the secondary coil of a transformer is mainly due to

$A$ long straight solenoid with a cross-sectional radius $a$ and number of turns per unit length $n$ has a current varying with time as $I = I_0 \sin(\omega t)$ (or simply $dI/dt = I$). The magnitude of the electric field as a function of distance $r$ from the solenoid axis is,

The radius of the circular conducting loop shown in the figure is $R.$ The magnetic field is decreasing at a constant rate $\alpha.$ The resistance per unit length of the loop is $r.$ Find the current in the wire $AB,$ where $AB$ is one of the diameters.

$A$ point charge $Q$ is moving in a circular orbit of radius $R$ in the $x$-$y$ plane with an angular velocity $\omega$. This can be considered as equivalent to a loop carrying a steady current $I = \frac{Q\omega}{2\pi}$. $A$ uniform magnetic field along the positive $z$-axis is now switched on,which increases at a constant rate from $0$ to $B$ in one second. Assume that the radius of the orbit remains constant. The application of the magnetic field induces an emf in the orbit. The induced emf is defined as the work done by an induced electric field in moving a unit positive charge around a closed loop. It is known that,for an orbiting charge,the magnetic dipole moment is proportional to the angular momentum with a proportionality constant $\gamma$.
$1.$ The magnitude of the induced electric field in the orbit at any instant of time during the time interval of the magnetic field change is:
$(A)$ $\frac{BR}{4}$ $(B)$ $\frac{BR}{2}$ $(C)$ $BR$ $(D)$ $2BR$
$2.$ The change in the magnetic dipole moment associated with the orbit,at the end of the time interval of the magnetic field change,is:
$(A)$ $-\gamma BQR^2$ $(B)$ $-\gamma \frac{BQR^2}{2}$ $(C)$ $\gamma \frac{BQR^2}{2}$ $(D)$ $\gamma BQR^2$
Give the answer for question $1$ and $2$.

Flux $\phi$ (in weber) in a closed circuit of resistance $10 \, \Omega$ varies with time $t$ (in $s$) according to the equation $\phi = 6t^2 - 5t + 1$. What is the magnitude of the induced current at $t = 0.25 \, s$ (in $, A$)?

$A$ uniform magnetic field $B$ exists in a cylindrical region of radius $10\, cm$ as shown in the figure. $A$ uniform wire of length $80\, cm$ and resistance $4.0\,\Omega$ is bent into a square frame and is placed with one side along a diameter of the cylindrical region. If the magnetic field increases at a constant rate of $0.010\, T/s$,find the current induced in the frame.