The electric dipole is situated in an electri | vedclass

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(B) The torque $	au$ acting on an electric dipole placed in an external uniform electric field $E$ is given by the formula $	au = pE \sin 	heta$,wh

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$b$

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(B) The torque $	au$ acting on an electric dipole placed in an external uniform electric field $E$ is given by the formula $	au = pE \sin 	heta$,where $p$ is the dipole moment and $	heta$ is the angle between the dipole moment vector and the electric field vector.Initially,at $	heta = 0$,the dipole moment is aligned with the electric field,so $	au = pE \sin(0) = 0$.As the dipole is rotated in an anticlockwise direction,$	heta$ increases from $0$. The torque $	au$ follows the variation of $\sin 	heta$.At $	heta = 0$,$	au = 0$. As $	heta$ increases to $\pi/2$,$	au$ increases to its maximum value $pE$.This behavior corresponds to a sine curve starting from the origin $(0,0)$.Looking at the given graphs in Fig. $(ii)$,curve $b$ starts from the origin and represents the function $	au = pE \sin 	heta$.

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