The most stable carbocation is

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(A) The stability of a carbocation is determined by the electron-donating or electron-withdrawing nature of the substituents attached to the benzene r

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$p-Methoxybenzyl$ carbocation

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The stability of a carbocation is determined by the electron-donating or electron-withdrawing nature of the substituents attached to the benzene ring.$1$. The $-OCH_3$ group in $p-methoxybenzyl$ carbocation exerts a strong $+M$ (mesomeric) effect,which significantly stabilizes the positive charge through resonance.$2$. The $-CH_3$ group in $p-methylbenzyl$ carbocation provides stability through $+I$ (inductive) effect and hyperconjugation.$3$. The $-NO_2$ group in $p-nitrobenzyl$ carbocation is a strong electron-withdrawing group ($-M$ and $-I$ effects),which destabilizes the carbocation.$4$. The unsubstituted $benzyl$ carbocation has only resonance stabilization from the benzene ring.Comparing these,the $+M$ effect of the $-OCH_3$ group provides the greatest stabilization to the carbocation. Therefore,$p-methoxybenzyl$ carbocation is the most stable.

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