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(B) In a semiconductor, as the temperature increases, the number of charge carriers (electrons and holes) increases significantly due to the thermal e

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Always negative

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(B) In a semiconductor, as the temperature increases, the number of charge carriers (electrons and holes) increases significantly due to the thermal excitation of electrons from the valence band to the conduction band. This increase in charge carrier density outweighs the increase in scattering, leading to a decrease in electrical resistance. Since the resistance decreases as temperature increases, the temperature coefficient of resistance $(\alpha)$ is defined as $\alpha = \frac{1}{R} \frac{dR}{dT}$, which is always negative for semiconductors.

The temperature coefficient of resistance of a semiconductor is:

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