Two identical metal spheres charged with $+12 \mu C$ and $-8 \mu C$ are kept at a certain distance in air. They are brought into contact and then kept at the same distance. The ratio of the magnitudes of electrostatic forces between them before and after contact is (in $: 1$)

Five balls numbered $1$ to $5$ are suspended using separate threads. Pairs $(1,2), (2,4)$ and $(4,1)$ show electrostatic attraction while pairs $(2,3)$ and $(4,5)$ show repulsion. Therefore,ball $1$ must be:

Two equal charges $q$ are placed at a distance of $2a$ on the $x$-axis. A third charge $q$ of mass $m$ is placed at the midpoint between them. If this charge is displaced by a small distance $x$ from the equilibrium position, the particle will:

Two identical charged particles,each having a mass $10 \, g$ and charge $2.0 \times 10^{-7} \, C$,are placed on a horizontal table with a separation of $L$ between them such that they stay in limiting equilibrium. If the coefficient of friction between each particle and the table is $0.25$,find the value of $L$ in $cm$. [Use $g = 10 \, m/s^2$]

Six charges,three positive and three negative of equal magnitude,are placed at the corners of a regular hexagon such that the electric field at the center $O$ is double the electric field obtained when only a charge of the same magnitude is placed at $R$. What are the charges at $P, Q, R, S, T,$ and $U$ respectively?

The electric field due to a uniformly charged sphere of radius $R$ as a function of the distance from its center is represented by which of the following graphs?