Two particles each of mass $m$ and charge $q$ are separated by distance $r_1$ and the system is left free to move at $t = 0$. At time $t$,both the particles are found to be separated by distance $r_2$. The speed of each particle is

Two charges each of magnitude $Q$ are fixed at a distance of $2a$ apart. $A$ third charge ($-q$ of mass $m$) is placed at the midpoint of the two charges. If the $-q$ charge is slightly displaced perpendicular to the line joining the charges,find its time period.

Answer the following:
$(a)$ The top of the atmosphere is at about $400 \; kV$ with respect to the surface of the earth,corresponding to an electric field that decreases with altitude. Near the surface of the earth,the field is about $100 \; Vm^{-1}$. Why then do we not get an electric shock as we step out of our house into the open? (Assume the house to be a steel cage so there is no field inside!)
$(b)$ $A$ man fixes outside his house one evening a two-metre-high insulating slab carrying on its top a large aluminium sheet of area $1 \; m^2$. Will he get an electric shock if he touches the metal sheet next morning?
$(c)$ The discharging current in the atmosphere due to the small conductivity of air is known to be $1800 \; A$ on an average over the globe. Why then does the atmosphere not discharge itself completely in due course and become electrically neutral? In other words,what keeps the atmosphere charged?
$(d)$ What are the forms of energy into which the electrical energy of the atmosphere is dissipated during lightning?

Two identical charged spheres suspended from a common point by two massless strings of length $l$ are initially a distance $d$ $(d \ll l)$ apart because of their mutual repulsion. The charge begins to leak from both the spheres at a constant rate. As a result,the spheres approach each other with a velocity $v$. Then,as a function of distance $x$ between them,

$A$ glass rod rubbed with silk is used to charge a gold leaf electroscope and the leaves are observed to diverge. The electroscope thus charged is exposed to $X$-rays for a short period. Then

Two spheres of electric charges $+2 \ nC$ and $-8 \ nC$ are placed at a distance '$d$' apart. If they are allowed to touch each other,what is the new distance between them to get a repulsive force of the same magnitude as before?