The wave property of electrons implies that they will show diffraction effects. Davisson and Germer demonstrated this by diffracting electrons from crystals. The law governing the diffraction from a crystal is obtained by requiring that electron waves reflected from the planes of atoms in a crystal interfere constructively. Which of the following phenomena establishes the transverse nature of light?

  • A
    Interference of light
  • B
    Refraction of light
  • C
    Polarisation of light
  • D
    Dispersion of light

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$A$ beam of light of intensity $I_0$ falls on a system of three polaroids which are arranged in succession such that the pass (transmission) axis is turned through $60^{\circ}$ with respect to the preceding one. The fraction of the incident light intensity that passes through the system is $\left(\cos 60^{\circ} = 1/2\right)$.

$A$ polaroid is placed at $45^{\circ}$ to an incoming linearly polarized light of intensity $I_0$. The intensity of light passing through the polaroid after polarization will be:

$A$ mixture of plane-polarized and unpolarized light falls normally on a polarizing sheet. On rotating the polarizing sheet about the direction of the incident beam,we find that the ratio of maximum to minimum transmitted intensity is $4$. Find the ratio of the intensities $I_P$ and $I_0$,respectively,of the polarized and unpolarized components in the incident beam.

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An unpolarized light beam is incident on the polarizer of a polarization experiment and the intensity of the light beam emerging from the analyzer is measured as $100 \text{ Lumens}$. Now,if the analyzer is rotated around the horizontal axis (direction of light) by $30^{\circ}$ in the clockwise direction,the intensity of the emerging light will be .......... $\text{ Lumens}$.

Two polarizers are oriented with their principal planes making an angle of $60^{\circ}$ with each other. The percentage of incident unpolarized light which passes through the system is: (in $\%$)

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