What are stomata? Write two functions of stomata.

(N/A) Stomata are small,microscopic pores found primarily in the epidermis of plant leaves.
Functions of Stomata:
$(i)$ Gaseous Exchange: Stomata serve as the primary sites for the exchange of gases,such as carbon dioxide $(CO_2)$ and oxygen $(O_2)$,between the plant's internal tissues and the external environment.
$(ii)$ Transpiration: $A$ significant portion of transpiration,the process of water loss in the form of water vapor,occurs through stomata. This process helps in the upward movement of water and minerals from the roots and keeps the plant surface cool.