What is the scientific name of the human species?

What is the genetic constitution of the $23$rd pair of sex chromosomes in a human male?

Which of the following statements regarding tall and dwarf pea plants is incorrect based on their genetic constitution?

The frequency of certain genes in a population changes over generations. This is the essence of the idea of evolution.

According to the evolutionary theory,the formation of a new species is generally due to:

The genotype of a green-stemmed tomato plant is denoted as $GG$ and that of a purple-stemmed tomato plant as $gg$. When these two are crossed:
$(i)$ What colour of stem would you expect in their $F_1$ progeny?
$(ii)$ Give the percentage of purple-stemmed plants if $F_1$ plants are self-pollinated.
$(iii)$ In what ratio would you find the genotypes $GG$ and $Gg$ in the $F_2$ progeny?