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(D) Given the mole fraction $(x_{HCl})$ and density $(d)$ of an aqueous $HCl$ solution: $1.$ Molality $(m)$ can be calculated using the formula: $m =

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$1, 2$ and $3$

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(D) Given the mole fraction $(x_{HCl})$ and density $(d)$ of an aqueous $HCl$ solution: $1.$ Molality $(m)$ can be calculated using the formula: $m = \frac{x_{HCl} 	imes 1000}{(1 - x_{HCl}) 	imes M_{solvent}}$,where $M_{solvent}$ is the molar mass of water $(18 \ g/mol)$. $2.$ Molarity $(M)$ can be calculated using the relation: $M = \frac{m 	imes d 	imes 1000}{1000 + (m 	imes M_{solute})}$. $3.$ Percentage by mass $(w/w\%)$ can be derived from the mole fraction: $w/w\% = \frac{x_{HCl} 	imes M_{HCl}}{(x_{HCl} 	imes M_{HCl}) + ((1 - x_{HCl}) 	imes M_{H_2O})} 	imes 100$. Since all three can be determined,the correct option is $D$.

Which concentrations can be calculated if the mole fraction and density of an aqueous solution of $HCl$ are known? $1.$ Molality $2.$ Molarity $3.$ Percentage by mass

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