Which devices are used for the measurement of lengths of different orders?

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(N/A) The measurement of length varies significantly depending on the scale. Below is a table summarizing the devices and methods used for different orders of magnitude:
Order of Length $(m)$ Device (Instrument)
$10^{-10}$ to $10^{-8}$ Optical/Electron Microscope
$10^{-5}$ to $10^{-4}$ Screw gauge,Spherometer,Vernier Calipers
$10^{-3}$ to $10^{2}$ Meter scale
$> 10^{2}$ Telescope,Radar,Laser,Sonar

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Assertion $A$: If in five complete rotations of the circular scale,the distance travelled on the main scale of the screw gauge is $5 \, mm$ and there are $50$ total divisions on the circular scale,then the least count is $0.001 \, cm$.
Reason $R$: $\text{Least Count} = \frac{\text{Pitch}}{\text{Total divisions on circular scale}}$
In the light of the above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

When the gap is closed without placing any object in a screw gauge whose least count is $0.005 \ mm$,the $5^{th}$ division on its circular scale coincides with the reference line on the main scale. When a small sphere is placed,the reading on the main scale advances by $4$ divisions,whereas the circular scale reading advances by five times the corresponding reading when no object was placed. There are $200$ divisions on the circular scale. The radius of the sphere is .......... $mm$.

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$A$ specially designed Vernier calliper has the main scale least count of $1 \,mm$. On the Vernier scale,there are $10$ equal divisions and they match with $11$ main scale divisions. Then,the least count of the Vernier calliper is ........... $mm$.

The pitch of a screw gauge is $0.5 \ mm$ and there are $100$ divisions on its circular scale. The instrument reads $+2$ divisions on the circular scale when nothing is placed between its jaws. In measuring the diameter of a wire,there are $8$ divisions on the main scale and the $83^{rd}$ division of the circular scale coincides with the reference line. Then the diameter of the wire is (in $mm$)

The least count of the main scale of a vernier callipers is $1\, mm$. Its vernier scale is divided into $10$ divisions and coincides with $9$ divisions of the main scale. When jaws are touching each other,the $7^{th}$ division of the vernier scale coincides with a division of the main scale and the zero of the vernier scale lies to the right side of the zero of the main scale. When this vernier is used to measure the length of a cylinder,the zero of the vernier scale is between $3.1\, cm$ and $3.2\, cm$ and the $4^{th}$ $VSD$ coincides with a main scale division. The length of the cylinder is $.....\, cm$. ($VSD$ is vernier scale division)

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