Which of the following taxon shows maximum species diversity?

Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits the highest species diversity?

$X$ - India has $2.4\%$ of the world's land area.
$Y$ - The diversity of plants and animals is not uniform throughout the world but shows a rather uneven distribution.
$Z$ - Species-area relationships were given by Alexander von Humboldt.
Identify the truth value of $X, Y,$ and $Z$ respectively.

Which of the following is true for species diversity?

Read the following statements:
$(A)$ Tropics harbour more species than temperate or polar areas.
$(B)$ Colombia located near the equator has nearly $1400$ species of birds.
$(C)$ India has less than $105$ species of birds.

The given pie chart represents the global biodiversity of plant species. Identify $P, Q$ and $R$.