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(B) Zener breakdown is a phenomenon that occurs in $p-n$ junction diodes that are heavily doped.Due to heavy doping,the depletion layer becomes very n

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heavily doped and have narrow depletion layer.

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(B) Zener breakdown is a phenomenon that occurs in $p-n$ junction diodes that are heavily doped.Due to heavy doping,the depletion layer becomes very narrow (typically less than $10^{-6} \ m$).When a reverse bias voltage is applied,the electric field across this narrow depletion layer becomes extremely high.This high electric field is sufficient to pull electrons out of their covalent bonds,leading to a large increase in current,which is known as Zener breakdown.

Zener breakdown occurs in a $p-n$ junction having $p$ and $n$ both :

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