The 'Thala test' is performed for the confirmation of:

Sickle cell anaemia disorder arises due to

Alkaptonuria is a condition in which

Given below are the two statements.
Statement $I$: Widow's peak is determined by an autosomal dominant gene.
Statement $II$: Heterozygous individuals have a straight hairline.
In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Assertion: Persons suffering from haemophilia fail to produce blood clotting factor $VIII$.
Reason: Prothrombin producing platelets in such persons are found in very low concentration.

Which of the following diseases in humans belongs to the same category as hemophilia?