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Power in AC and Power Factor Questions in Hindi

Class 12 Physics · Alternating Current · Power in AC and Power Factor

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101
DifficultMCQ
एक $AC$ परिपथ में $E = 50 \sin(500t)$ $V$, $I = 600 \sin(500t + \frac{\pi}{3})$ mA है। परिपथ में व्ययित शक्ति कितनी है ($\text{ W}$ में)? [$\cos 60^{\circ} = 0.5$]
A
$10$
B
$75$
C
$5$
D
$50$

Solution

(C) दिए गए समीकरण $E = 50 \sin(500t)$ और $I = 600 \sin(500t + \frac{\pi}{3}) \text{ mA}$ हैं।
अधिकतम वोल्टेज $E_0 = 50 \text{ V}$ है।
अधिकतम धारा $I_0 = 600 \text{ mA} = 0.6 \text{ A}$ है।
कलांतर $\phi = \frac{\pi}{3} = 60^{\circ}$ है।
$AC$ परिपथ में औसत शक्ति $P = E_{rms} I_{rms} \cos \phi$ द्वारा दी जाती है।
$E_{rms} = \frac{E_0}{\sqrt{2}}$ और $I_{rms} = \frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2}}$।
$P = \frac{E_0 I_0}{2} \cos \phi$।
मान रखने पर: $P = \frac{50 \times 0.6}{2} \times \cos 60^{\circ}$।
$P = 15 \times 0.5 = 7.5 \text{ W}$।
102
DifficultMCQ
एक श्रेणी $LCR$ परिपथ में, प्रत्यावर्ती e.m.f. और धारा के समीकरण क्रमशः $V = V_0 \sin(\omega t)$ और $I = I_0 \sin(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{3})$ दिए गए हैं। a.c. के एक चक्र में परिपथ में व्यय होने वाली औसत शक्ति क्या है? $(\cos 60^{\circ} = 0.5)$
A
शून्य
B
$\frac{V_0 I_0}{2}$
C
$\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} V_0 I_0$
D
$\frac{V_0 I_0}{4}$

Solution

(D) $AC$ परिपथ में व्यय होने वाली औसत शक्ति का सूत्र है: $P_{avg} = V_{rms} I_{rms} \cos \phi$.
यहाँ, $V_{rms} = \frac{V_0}{\sqrt{2}}$ और $I_{rms} = \frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2}}$ है।
वोल्टेज और धारा के बीच का कलान्तर (phase difference) $\phi = \frac{\pi}{3}$ (या $60^{\circ}$) है।
इन मानों को सूत्र में रखने पर:
$P_{avg} = \left(\frac{V_0}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \left(\frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \cos 60^{\circ}$.
$P_{avg} = \frac{V_0 I_0}{2} \times 0.5$.
$P_{avg} = \frac{V_0 I_0}{2} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{V_0 I_0}{4}$.

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