Identify the major product of the following reaction:

When $(P)$ undergoes Hoffmann exhaustive methylation (twice) then the product obtained will be

Consider the following four compounds $I, II, III,$ and $IV$.
Choose the correct statement$(s)$.
$(A)$ The order of basicity is $II > I > III > IV$.
$(B)$ The magnitude of $pK_b$ difference between $I$ and $II$ is more than that between $III$ and $IV$.
$(C)$ Resonance effect is more in $III$ than in $IV$.
$(D)$ Steric effect makes compound $IV$ more basic than $III$.

State True or False for the following statements:
$(i)$ Aniline becomes polar in its resonance structure.
$(ii)$ The separation of charge occurs in the resonance structure of aniline.
$(iii)$ The $NH_2$ group of aniline is electron donating.
$(iv)$ The $NH_2$ group of aniline is electron attracting in resonance $(-R)$.

Which of the following statements is true?
$1)$ Tertiary amines react with acid chlorides.
$2)$ $N$-ethylbenzene sulphonamide is soluble in alkali.
$3)$ $N,N$-diethylbenzene sulphonamide is soluble in alkali.
$4)$ Tertiary amines react with Hinsberg's reagent.

Identify $Z$ in the following reaction: