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(B) Formaldehyde $(HCHO)$ is the simplest aldehyde and has minimal steric hindrance,making its gem-diol (hydrate) form very stable. At equilibrium,the

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$x = 99.9\,\%,\,\,y = 0.2\,\%$

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(B) Formaldehyde $(HCHO)$ is the simplest aldehyde and has minimal steric hindrance,making its gem-diol (hydrate) form very stable. At equilibrium,the percentage of hydrate formed is approximately $99.9\,\%$.Acetone $(CH_3COCH_3)$ is a ketone with significant steric hindrance from the two methyl groups,which destabilizes the gem-diol form. Consequently,the equilibrium lies far to the left,and the percentage of hydrate formed is very low,approximately $0.2\,\%$.Therefore,$x = 99.9\,\%$ and $y = 0.2\,\%$.

The image shows the hydration equilibrium of formaldehyde and acetone. Identify the values of $x$ and $y$ representing the percentage of hydrate formed at equilibrium for formaldehyde and acetone,respectively.

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