The electron density of the ionospheric layer | vedclass

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(A) The critical frequency $f_c$ for the ionospheric layer is given by the formula: $f_c = 9 	imes (N_{max})^{1/2}$ where $N_{max}$ is the maximum el

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$2.85$

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(A) The critical frequency $f_c$ for the ionospheric layer is given by the formula: $f_c = 9 	imes (N_{max})^{1/2}$ where $N_{max}$ is the maximum electron density in $m^{-3}$. Given $N_{max} = 10^{11} \ m^{-3}$. Substituting the value: $f_c = 9 	imes (10^{11})^{1/2}$ $f_c = 9 	imes (10 	imes 10^{10})^{1/2}$ $f_c = 9 	imes \sqrt{10} 	imes 10^5$ $f_c \approx 9 	imes 3.162 	imes 10^5 \ Hz$ $f_c \approx 28.46 	imes 10^5 \ Hz$ $f_c \approx 2.846 	imes 10^6 \ Hz = 2.85 \ MHz$.

The electron density of the ionospheric layer is $10^{11} \ m^{-3}$. Communication waves of frequency up to $f_c$ $MHz$ will be reflected by the ionospheric layer. Find $f_c$.

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