Find the ratio of the energy of an $X$-ray photon with a wavelength of $1 \mathring A$ to the energy of a visible light photon with a wavelength of $5000 \mathring A$.

The binding energy of the innermost electron is $40 \, keV$. To obtain characteristic $X$-rays using a tungsten target in an $X$-ray tube,the potential difference $V$ between the cathode and the anode must be:

If the frequency of the $K_\alpha$ line of an element with $Z = 64$ is $\nu_\alpha$ and the frequency of the $K_\alpha$ line of an element with $Z = 80$ is $\nu'_\alpha$,then the ratio of their frequencies is:

An electron beam is accelerated by a potential difference of $V$ and strikes a metal target to produce $X$-rays. For which of the following values of $V$ (in $kV$) will the $X$-ray wavelength be the shortest?

If $V$ is the accelerating voltage,then the maximum frequency of continuous $X$-rays is given by

If the voltage of an $X$-ray tube is doubled,the intensity of the $X$-rays will be ...... .