(B) For any spontaneous (irreversible) process in an isolated system,the change in entropy is positive,i.e.,$(dS)_{V,E} > 0$.For a process occurring a

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$(dS)_{V,E} > 0, (dG)_{T,P} < 0$

(B) For any spontaneous (irreversible) process in an isolated system,the change in entropy is positive,i.e.,$(dS)_{V,E} > 0$.For a process occurring at constant temperature $(T)$ and pressure $(P)$ involving only pressure-volume work,the spontaneity criterion is given by the change in Gibbs free energy,which must be negative,i.e.,$(dG)_{T,P} Therefore,the correct criteria are $(dS)_{V,E} > 0$ and $(dG)_{T,P} < 0$.

Class 11 Chemistry Thermodynamics Mix Examples-Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry

Medium

In an irreversible process taking place at constant $T$ and $P$ and in which only pressure-volume work is being done,the change in Gibbs free energy $(dG)$ and change in entropy $(dS)$ satisfy the criteria:

AIEEE 2003 All AIEEE

A
$(dS)_{V,E} < 0, (dG)_{T,P} < 0$
B
$(dS)_{V,E} > 0, (dG)_{T,P} < 0$
C
$(dS)_{V,E} = 0, (dG)_{T,P} = 0$
D
$(dS)_{V,E} = 0, (dG)_{T,P} > 0$

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In an irreversible process taking place at constant $T$ and $P$ and in which only pressure-volume work is being done,the change in Gibbs free energy $(dG)$ and change in entropy $(dS)$ satisfy the criteria:

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For a reaction $2 CO_{(g)} + O_{2(g)} \rightleftharpoons 2 CO_{2(g)}$,$\Delta_{r} G^0 = -128 \ kJ$ at $300 \ K$. If $\Delta_{r} S^0$ of the reaction is $-40 \ J \ K^{-1}$,calculate $\Delta_{r} U$ of the reaction. (in $kJ$)

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