In what proportion must water be added to spirit to gain $20 \%$ by selling it at the cost price (in $:5$)?

In a mixture of milk and water of volume $30 \ L$,the ratio of water and milk is $3:7$. How much quantity of water should be added to the mixture to make the ratio of milk and water $1:2$ (in $L$)?

$60\, kg$ of an alloy $A$ is mixed with $100\, kg$ of alloy $B.$ If alloy $A$ has lead and tin in the ratio $3:2$ and alloy $B$ has tin and copper in the ratio $1:4,$ the amount of tin in the new alloy is (in $kg$)

$A$ sum of ₹ $64$ is made up of $80$ coins which are either $100$ $paise$ or $50$ $paise$ coins. How many coins are of $50$ $paise$?

Gold is $19$ times as heavy as water and copper is $9$ times. In what ratio should these metals be mixed so that the mixture may be $15$ times as heavy as water?

$A$ tub contains a mixture of two liquids $P$ and $Q$ in the ratio of $4:1$. When $10 \, L$ of the mixture is taken out and $10 \, L$ of liquid $Q$ is poured into the tub,the ratio becomes $2:3$. How many litres of liquid $P$ were contained in the tub initially?