What are meiocytes?

Meiocytes are specialized diploid $(2n)$ cells that undergo meiosis to produce haploid $(n)$ gametes.
In diploid organisms, such as pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, and most animals, gametes are produced through the process of meiosis.
At the end of meiosis, only one set of chromosomes $(n)$ is incorporated into each gamete.
Table: Chromosome numbers in meiocytes $(2n)$ and gametes $(n)$ of some organisms.

Name of Organism	Chromosome Number in Meiocyte $(2n)$ / Gamete $(n)$
Human Beings	$46 / 23$
Housefly	$12 / 6$
Rat	$42 / 21$
Dog	$78 / 39$
Cat	$38 / 19$
Fruit fly	$8 / 4$
Ophioglossum (a fern)	$1260 / 630$
Apple	$34 / 17$
Rice	$24 / 12$
Maize	$20 / 10$
Potato	$48 / 24$
Butterfly	$380 / 190$
Onion	$32 / 16$